E-bikes, or electric bikes, are bicycles equipped with an electric motor that assists with pedaling. They combine human power with electric assistance, making cycling easier, especially on hills or long distances. E-bikes work using a battery-powered motor, sensors, and a control unit that adjusts power based on rider input.

Earlier, we wrote an article, Ebikes: 5 Reasons to Ride One, now let’s take a look at how electric bikes work in detail!

What is an electric bike?

An electric bike is a bicycle fitted with an electric motor and rechargeable battery to assist with pedaling. It looks and rides like a regular bike but provides extra power, making it easier to ride uphill, travel longer distances, or reduce physical effort while commuting or exercising.

The first thing that comes to mind when someone hears electric bicycle is a scooter or electric motorcycle, but they look quite different. Imagine a bicycle with several electrical components integrated into the design, such as a motor, a battery, and a controller. All electric bicycles on the market have these basic components!

There are some who view the rise of e-bikes as a threat, as if standard bicycles will go the way of the penny-farthing once everyone turns to electric. But fear not: E-bikes won't take over our human-powered way of life. The changes may very well enhance it, especially as travel and commuting habits change in the wake of a global pandemic and the shift in work commutes.

How do electric bikes work?

Electric bikes work by combining pedal power with electric assistance. A motor, powered by a rechargeable battery, activates when you pedal or use a throttle. Sensors monitor speed and pedal force to adjust motor output. The system makes cycling easier, especially on inclines or during long rides.

Each e-bike is powered by an electric motor that receives energy from the battery and drives the wheels. Depending on the model, the battery may be mounted on the trunk, on the frame, or built into the frame. E-bikes come with front-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive. A motor is mounted on either the front or rear wheel of these models. Another option is a mid-drive motor that engages both wheels and is located near the pedals.

Electric bicycles also have a controller. This device controls the electronics and transfers electricity. Another important component is the on-board computer. You can monitor the battery charge, power consumption, speed, and distance traveled using its screen.